El artículo presenta la vertiente práctica del escepticismo alemán de Odo Marquard y Wilhem Weischedel en tres momentos: inicio con la propuesta de Marquard, quien lo define como la sensibilidad para lo usual, en vez de un sistema de criterios veritativos; prosigo con la Ética Escéptica de Weischedel, mostrando que la cuestionabilidad radical de la realidad abre un espacio para que el escéptico pueda formular siempre una pregunta; y termino mostrando que, a partir de Weischedel y Marquard, la despedida se (...) erige como la actitud fundamental del escepticismo práctico. (shrink)

El presente artículo presenta cuatro visiones sobre la función de la abducción en el pragmatismo de Peirce y el modo en que afronta el tema de la novedad en la ciencia. La primera visión reduce la abducción a una intuición. La segunda indica que la abducción no sirve sin un “instinto descubridor”, la tercera apunta a que la abducción es insuficiente para explicar la novedad en la ciencia. La cuarta visión, que es la que se sostiene en este artículo, afirma (...) que desde el pensamiento de Peirce se dan las herramientas suficientes para resolver el problema de la novedad en la ciencia desde el pragmatismo como lógica de la abducción. Estas herramientas son las tres tesis cotarias. (shrink)

This paper aims to show current philosophical anthropology pertinence to face up the question of meaning of human life. Exploring Marquard’s theory and his comprehension of human being as Homo Compensator‒ which allow to overcome the problems of modernity plunged in the gnosis dilemma, that in the absence of an absolute meaning it fails to understand the problem of evil‒ this paper firstly analyzes how modernity answered that problem from theodicy and philosophy of history. Afterwards, due to the failures of (...) these attempts, Marquard’s compensation proposal will be discussed as a search on a substitute meaning in the context of a philosophy of finitude, which advocates for a rhetorical-narrative meaning. The paper concludes with the problem of the non-compensable and its dilemmas on understanding meaning. (shrink)

Throughout humanities’ history, telling the truth has always been seen or for that matter understood, as a challenge, as a defiance of the status quo or what is established or known, and could very easily be torn down by an announced truth at any given moment. That is the main reason a speaker, in most cases, will avoid expressing their interpretation of what is real and true, and will prefer to intentionally alter it with convenient and accommodating lies that will (...) not result in any type of discomfort for the people around them. This text presents a general overview of three very important and crucial moments in history, in which daring to tell the truth came to be the very philosophical foundation and gave some specific characters in history the importance and relevance they have been given today. First, it covers a brief review of the ancient Greek term Parrhesia, its relation to other relevant philosophical terms and its importance within the different philosophy schools of the era. Later, the process of how truth is started to be manipulated from a Christian stance and later the proposal of relativity from Friedrich Nietzsche. Finally, there will be a reflection about Michael Foucault’s proposal that relates parrhesia to the care of the self. As a conclusion, an open discussion focusing on the recent post-truth issues illustrating the mechanics involved since ancient times in regard to telling the truth. (shrink)

After compulsory secondary education; many teenagers face the process of choosing a university degree. This process involves uncertainties referred to their personal abilities, interests, social expectations and professional future. The present work is aimed at determining whether the reasons behind the selection of a particular university degree differ depending on the chosen degree. Another objective is determining whether these reasons differ significantly according to gender. The sample comprises 983 students belonging to the area of social and legal sciences at the (...) University of Seville. The obtained results reveal the existence of four main reasons behind the selection of university degrees for which significant gender-related differences were observed: easy degree, job opportunities, high wages and provision of social services. Besides, these seven reasons are observed to differ widely in six of the considered degrees. (shrink)

Cet article revient sur la couverture médiatique espagnole de l'attentat survenu à la gare d'Atocha à Madrid en mars 2004. L'étude repose sur trois quotidiens madrilènes et un quotidien basque. Il analyse les orientations du discours développé par cette presse dans les jours qui ont suivi cet événement. Il montre qu'intervenant dans un contexte pré-électoral, les différents supports ont, après un moment d'incertitude quant à l'identité des terroristes, orienté essentiellement leurs discours en fonction de leurs orientations idéologiques et de leurs (...) positions à l'égard du gouvernement. Il souligne les convergences observables entre les supports espagnols qui épousent tout en l'accentuant l'émotion ressentie par le lectorat. Il atteste cependant que c'est l'enjeu interne des élections qui a sous-tendu en permanence le traitement de cet événement.This article looks at the media coverage of the Spanish attack in Atocha train station in Madrid in March 2004. The study is based on three daily Madrid and Basque daily. It analyzes the stand taken by the press in the days following the event. It shows a speaker in a pre-electoral context, different media have, after a moment of uncertainty about the identity of the terrorists, their speech directed primarily based on their ideological orientations and their positions in relation to the government. It emphasizes the similarities observed between the Spanish media who marry while accentuating the emotion felt by the audience. It demonstrates, however, that the issue is internal elections has always underpinned the processing of this event. (shrink)

Resumen: Mediante un ejercicio hermenéutico se sostiene que la identidad personal supera la aporía del tiempo al construirse como relato de ficción. Primero, se plantea que el relato de ficción se inscribe en el círculo de la mimesis; segundo, que la imaginación es la facultad que crea el sentido de la identidad personal como relato de ficción; tercero, que es la imaginación la que establece la relación entre relato de ficción, innovación semántica e identidad personal; y cuarto, que la identidad (...) personal se crea a sí misma por medio de la generación sentido gracias al relato de ficción. Abstract: Through a hermeneutical approach, this paper states that personal identity overcomes the aporetic of time when built as a fictional narrative. First, it proposes that the fictional narrative is inscribed in the mimesis circle. Secondly, that imagination is the faculty that creates the meaning of personal identity as fictional narrative. Thirdly, that it is the imagination that establishes the relation among fictional narrative, semantic innovation, and personal identity. Fourthly, that personal identity as fictional narrative stresses the importance of the narrative, which creates itself as a generator of meanings. (shrink)

Digital competencies were part of online education and now when returning to the classroom what will happen or what we expect for the future in education. The objective is to analyze and describe the perspectives of the level of digital competence, the non-experimental descriptive quantitative methodology is used with 1987 university students. Resulting that the instrument adapted to the Peruvian version is adequate according to statistics such as Cronbach's Alpha. Concluding that the digital competences improved the academic quality and have (...) a good level. Society is waiting for the next step to know what is presented to us in education. (shrink)

This article focuses on reading some of Zapata Olivella’s early writings, scattered in little known journals and newspapers, in order to reconstruct part of the processes that informed his thinking about the African diaspora in the Americas in general and in Colombia in particular. The analysis reveals the basis upon which Zapata Olivella built his tireless counterpoint to the images created by the local cultural and political elites around the idea of both the nation-state and the African Diaspora in Colombia, (...) from colonial times throughout the twentieth century. (shrink)

Como respuesta a las inquietudes que deja el debate sobre el pluralismo cultural en el marco del Forum de las culturas 2004, celebrado en Barcelona, el artículo presenta la tesis de que la pluralidad cultural responde más a la lógica del mercado que a un esfuerzo denodado por comprender la dinámica de la diversidad cultural. En este sentido, los esfuerzos por pensar el pluralismo cultural en el marco del evento, por argumentar en contra de tesis como las del choque de (...) civilizaciones de Samuel P. Huntington, intentan aclarar los difundidos temores de una uniformidad cultural fruto de un proceso de globalización económica potenciado por el avance tecnológico aplicado a las comunicaciones. El problema está en que el temor difundido puede servir al mismo propósito que lo convoca. En este orden de ideas, la estructura del análisis se divide en tres partes. Primero, una precisión conceptual de globalización a partir del trabajo de Manuel Castells en su trilogía titulada La era de la información; segundo, presentación de las líneas del debate sobre globalización y cultura en el marco del Forum; y tercero presenta la circularidad del argumento que afirma al pluralismo cultural en contra de la globalización. (shrink)

El artículo ilumina los modos rivales de articular el modernismo estético y socialismo propuestos hacia fines del siglo XIX por Rubén Darío, Leopoldo Lugones y Manuel Ugarte. Tomando como hilo conductor las disímiles acepciones del término “burgués” por las que parecen haber optado estos escritores, reconstruimos el deslindamiento que intenta Darío entre las dos tendencias modernizadoras, luego analizamos la conexión entre modernismo y socialismo revolucionario que realiza Lugones en el periódico La Montaña (1897), para finalmente explorar los cuestionamientos del (...) joven Ugarte al “esteticismo descomprometido” de Darío y al “socialismo aristocratizante” de Lugones, así como su alianza con el “socialismo pedagógico” de Juan B. Justo. The article focuses on the rival ways of linking aesthetic modernism and socialism that were proposed by Rubén Darío, Leopoldo Lugones and Manuel Ugarte at the end of the 19th century. Taking as a thread the dissimilar meanings of the term “bourgeois”, we rebuild the intent of Darío to mark the boundaries of the two modernizing tendencies; then we analyze the connection between modernism and revolutionary socialism that Lugones proposes in the newspaper La Montaña (1897); finally we explore Ugarte’s arguments with Darío’s “uncompromising aestheticism” and Lugones’ “aristocratizing socialism”, as well as the alliance of Ugarte with the “pedagogical socialism” of Juan B. Justo. (shrink)

Destacamos el balance ugarteano de la contribución histórica del modernismo hispanoamericano. El lugar que ocupa la llamada “generación de Darío” en la historia intelectual de América Latina es significativo por su papel determinante en la construcción de la figura del intelectual latinoamericano. La dinámica estatuida por la modernización continental a fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX promovió la autonomización del campo literario. Este hecho produjo una serie de modificaciones de la práctica de los intelectuales que operó como condición (...) de posibilidad de un discurso que acentuó las expectativas acerca de la eficacia histórico-política de la escritura científica, filosófica y literaria. Analizamos los tópicos en torno de los cuales se construyeron aquellas expectativas a la luz del balance que realizara el escritor argentino Manuel Ugarte en dos textos tardíos como El dolor de escribir (1933) y Escritores iberoamericanos de 1900 (1943). We emphasize the ugartean balance of the historic contribution of the Spanish-American modernism. The place that occupies the so called “Generation of Darío” in the intellectual history of Latin America is significant by its determining role in the building of the figure of the Latin-American intellectual. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century the dynamic chartered by the continental modernization promoted the autonomization of the literary field. This fact produced a series of modifications of the practice of the intellectuals that operated as a condition of possibility of a speech that accentuated the expectations about the historical and political effectiveness of scientific, philosophical and literary writings. We analyze the topics around which those expectations were built in the light of the balance that was carried out by the argentine writer Manuel Ugarte in two late texts, The pain of writing (1933) and Latin American Writers of 1900 (1943). (shrink)

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion.

This paper discusses the logical space of alternative conceptual engineering projects, with a specific focus on (1) the processes, (2) the targets and goals, and (3) the methods of such projects. We present an overview of how these three aspects interact in the contemporary literature and discuss those alternative projects that have yet to be explored based on our suggested typology. We show how choices about each element in a conceptual engineering project constrain the possibilities for the others, thereby giving (...) rise to distinct groupings of possible projects under the banner of conceptual engineering. We conclude with a critical reflection on the potential ethical issues that arise as a result of effectively putting conceptual engineering into practice. (shrink)

BackgroundMoral distress (MD) is the psychological damage caused when people are forced to witness or carry out actions which go against their fundamental moral values. The main objective was to evaluate the prevalence and predictive factors associated with MD among health professionals during the pandemic and to determine its causes.MethodsA regional, observational and cross-sectional study in a sample of 566 professionals from the Public Health Service of Andalusia (68.7% female; 66.9% physicians) who completed the MMD-HP-SPA scale to determine the level (...) of MD (0-432 points). Five dimensions were used: i) Health care; ii) Therapeutic obstinacy-futility, iii) Interpersonal relations of the Healthcare Team, iv) External pressure; v) Covering up of medical malpractice.ResultsThe mean level of MD was 127.3 (SD=66.7; 95% CI 121.8-132.8), being higher in female (135 vs. 110.3; p<0.01), in nursing professionals (137.8 vs. 122; p<0.01) and in the community setting (136.2 vs. 118.3; p<0.001), with these variables showing statistical significance in the multiple linear regression model (p<0.001; r2=0.052). With similar results, the multiple logistic regression model showed being female was a higher risk factor (OR=2.27; 95% CI 1.5-3.4; p<0.001). 70% of the sources of MD belonged to the dimension "Health Care" and the cause "Having to attend to more patients than I can safely attend to" obtained the highest average value (Mean=9.8; SD=4.9).ConclusionsFemale, nursing professionals, and those from the community setting presented a higher risk of MD. The healthcare model needs to implement an ethical approach to public health issues to alleviate MD among its professionals. (shrink)

Educational Social Responsibility (EduSR) is the voluntary provision of the educational institution that, as a natural space of social possibilities, favors the deployment of its members towards others, showing it with transparency based on observable indicators. The intention of this book is: a) to try to analyze what is essential that we all share in our respective experiences of EduSR, b) to illuminate so that everyone can make their interpretation in the most accurate way possible and their evaluations in the (...) most reasonable way, c) offer illustrative and convincing arguments, d) invite people to inhabit education with EduSR from their own originality. It is about being sensitive to the danger of corseting and also to the danger of not demanding, for fear of corseting. (shrink)

Our aim in this paper is to propose an ontology for numbers that is compatible with an epistemology that does not invoke mysterious faculties. On the basis of my explanatory system, we find objects capable of being classified: horses, colors, etc. Once grouped, they can be reclassified in units, pairs, and so on. When they use expressions like “three horses”, in fact, I believe that what they mean is “a threesome of horses”. I call nonmathematical numbers those reclassification, and I (...) suggest that arithmetical numbers could be regarded as pictures of nonmathematical numbers, that are closely connected with empirical facts. (shrink)

Conceptual engineering is the method for assessing and improving our concepts. However, little has been written about how best to conceive of concepts for the purposes of conceptual engineering. In this paper, I aim to fill this foundational gap, proceeding in three main steps: First, I propose a methodological framework for evaluating the conduciveness of a given concept of concept for conceptual engineering. Then, I develop a typology that contrasts two competing concepts of concept that can be used in conceptual (...) engineering — namely, the philosophical and psychological ones. Finally, I evaluate these two concepts of concept using the proposed methodological framework and I show that, when it comes to making conceptual engineering an actionable method, the psychological concept of concept outclasses its philosophical counterpart on all counts. This provides a baseline from which the concept of concept can be further improved for the purposes of conceptual engineering. (shrink)

Conceptual engineering is the method for assessing and improving our concepts. Some have recently claimed that the implementation of such method in the form of ameliorative projects is truth-driven and should thus be epistemically constrained, ultimately at least (Simion 2018; cf. Podosky 2018). This paper challenges that claim on the assumption of a social constructionist analysis of ideologies, and provides an alternative, pragmatic and cognitive framework for determining the legitimacy of ameliorative conceptual projects overall. The upshot is that one should (...) not ameliorate for the sake of truth or knowledge, in the case of ideologies—at least, not primarily. (shrink)

Conceptual engineering is the method for assessing and improving our representational devices. On its ‘broad-spectrum’ version, it is expected to be appropriately applicable to any of our representation-involving cognitive activities, with major consequences for our whole cognitive life. This paper is about the theoretical foundations of conceptual engineering thus characterised. With a view to ensuring the actionability of conceptual engineering as a broad-spectrum method, it addresses the issue of how best to construe the subject matter of conceptual engineering and successively (...) defends the theses that conceptual engineering should be: (i) About concepts, (ii) psychologically theorised, (iii) as multiply realised functional kinds. Thereby, I claim to theoretically secure and justify the maximum scope, flexibility, and impact for the method of conceptual engineering on our representational devices in our whole cognitive life—in other words, a broad-spectrum version of conceptual engineering. (shrink)

Justice Across Ages offers an attractive account of justice between the young and the old that brings together three notable principles of age-group justice: complete-lives equality, relational equality, and prudence. Yet, the book says little about the fact that many of us live longer than others, and the little it does say casts doubt on whether lifespan inequality threatens justice as construed by the three principles. This essay argues, instead, that theories of justice between the young and the old should (...) not dispense with a conception of justice between different longevity groups. It concludes that we must be sensitive to lifespan variations when designing policies to promote justice across age groups. (shrink)

Francisco Caro de Hojeda es el autor de este pequeño libro. Siguiendo las ideas predominantes en su época, presenta el orden y el significado de la oración de Memento en el rito de la Eucaristía. Se invita a los fieles a participar en la oración que el presidente de la celebración eucarística presenta a Dios en nombre de la Santa Iglesia. Se percibe un profundo sentimiento pastoral cuando se insta a los presentes a Unirse al Sacrificio así renovado.

La presente obra ofrece una perspectiva abierta de la filosofía de al-Andalus con enfoques diversos y complementarios a cargo de reconocidos especialistas del arabismo, el hebraísmo y el pensamiento medieval: Miguel Asín Palacios, Manuel Alonso, Roger Arnaldez, Miguel Cruz Hernández, Fernando Díaz Esteban, Salvador Gómez Nogales, David Gonzalo Maeso, Joaquín Lomba, Andrés Martínez Lorca y Juan Vernet. Novedad importante que reflejan estas páginas es la integración de los filósofos judíos y musulmanes en la casa común de al-Andalus, como históricamente (...) aconteció. En la primera parte se analizan las influencias clásicas y orientales que confluyeron en la vida intelectual de la España musulmana. En la segunda se traza un amplio y detallado panorama de los principales filósofos de al-Andalus. El editor ha reconstruido en la introducción el desarrollo del pensamiento andalusí dentro de su contexto histórico. Rigor histórico-filológico, contextualización social, profundización en las cuestiones especulativas y espíritu crítico constituyen rasgos comunes de estos ensayos. (Fuente: Almuzara). (shrink)

Ancient philosophers are often contrasted with contemporary philosophers because they view philosophy not as a profession, but a way of life. None did so more uncompromisingly, however, than Diogenes the Cynic, who chided even Socrates for occasionally wearing sandals and maintaining a small household. Diogenes's espousal of extreme poverty combined with a talent for exhibitionism and propensity for offense was taken by some to be merely childish and grounded in a desire for fame, but by others as an ideal form (...) of pure philosophical commitment. Beginning with his life as a banker's son in Sinope, this book traces the origins and effects of his exile and status as a foreigner in Athens and Corinth, his subsequent espousal of a life a poverty, and his development of a style of life that both he and others found comparable to a dog's in terms of its disregard for social norms and conventions. Much of Diogenes' practical philosophy took the form of his own distinctive bodily practices which were meant to reinforce Cynic freedom and self-sufficiency. By calling into question cultural conventions governing the body with respect to sexuality, athletics, clothing, hygiene, punishment, etc., his own dog-style life championed unrestrained free speech (parrhēsia), equality between the sexes, and a cosmopolitan view of the possibilities of a world rid of the evils caused by the pursuit of wealth, fame, and power. Throughout various historical periods, Diogenes has offered a fascinating alternative to conventional lives and served as a brave exemplar of absolute devotion to human freedom and equality. (shrink)

CADERNOS DE FILOSOFIA EXTRAVAGANTE - ANTÓNIO TELMO Vários Autores Um dos sinais do Quinto Império é que ainda há andorinhas O provérbio diz que uma andorinha não faz a Primavera Mas eu acho que faz Enquanto houver um homem onde resida a espiritualidade há sempre um princípio do Quinto Império António Telmo Este terceiro volume dos Cadernos de Filosofia Extravagante é o primeiro que se publica após a partida de António Telmo, que os imaginou, concebeu e fundou Constitui por isso, (...) na íntegra, um preito de homenagem ao autor da História Secreta de Portugal, nele se inserindo, bem a propósito, as actas do Colóquio A Obra e o Pensamento de António Telmo, realizado em 14 e 15 de Fevereiro de 2011, no Palácio da Independência, em Lisboa, por iniciativa do Instituto de Filosofia Luso-Brasileira, documento a que acrescem alguns testemunhos de amigos que, por uma ou outra razão, não puderam participar naquela comemoração, e duas entrevistas, uma das quais se encontrava por publicar, pelo filósofo concedidas na última década Por outro lado, nestas páginas o leitor poderá ainda encontrar dois escritos do autor de O Bateleur – um poema e um conto – nunca antes dados ao papel em letra de forma E, o que talvez seja mais, uma série significativa de correspondência epistolar até agora mantida inédita, tendo o filósofo por destinatário São missivas de Álvaro Ribeiro, José Marinho, Agostinho da Silva, Dalila Pereira da Costa e António Quadros, definindo um arco temporal que vai da publicação de Arte Poética, em 1963, à de Filosofia e Kabbalah, em 1990 Quase trinta anos de uma vida filosófica singular em que, a cada passo, são bem notórias a admiração e a amizade que mestres e condiscípulos lhe dedicam Autores- António Telmo, Pedro Martins, Renato Epifânio, Américo Rodrigues, Helena Estriga, António Braz Teixeira, Joaquim Domingues, Abel de Lacerda Botelho, Roque N Brás de Oliveira, M N Vieira, Luís Paixão, António Carlos Carvalho, Cynthia Guimarães Taveira, Rui Lopo, António Quadros Ferro, Carlos Aurélio, António Cândido Franco, Rodrigo Sobral Cunha, Carlos Vargas, Manuel Ferreira Patrício, Pedro Sinde, Paulo Santos, Pedro Paquim Ribeiro, Maurícia Teles da Silva, J Pinharanda Gomes, António Quadros, Avelino de Sousa, Elísio Gala, José Paulo Ribeiro Albuquerque, Helder Cortes, Eduardo Aroso, Isabel Xavier, Jesus Carlos, Álvaro Ribeiro, José Marinho, Agostinho da Silva, Dalila Pereira da Costa. (shrink)

BackgroundDrug user networks and community-based organizations advocate for greater, meaningful involvement of people with lived experience of drug use in research, programs and services, and policy initiatives. Community-based approaches to research provide an opportunity to engage people who use drugs in all stages of the research process. Conducting community-based participatory research with people who use drugs has its own ethical challenges that are not necessarily acknowledged or supported by institutional ethics review boards. We conducted a scoping review to identify ethical (...) issues in CBPR with people who use drugs that were documented in peer-reviewed and grey literature.MethodsThe search strategy focused on three areas; community-based research, ethical issues, and drug use. Searches of five academic databases were conducted in addition to a grey literature search, hand-searching, and consultation with organizational partners and key stakeholders. Peer reviewed literature and community reports published in English between 1985 and 2013 were included, with initial screening conducted by two reviewers.ResultsThe search strategy produced a total of 874 references. Twenty-five references met the inclusion criteria and were included in our thematic analysis. Five areas were identified as important to the ethics of CBPR with people who use drugs: 1) participant compensation, 2) drug user perspectives on CBPR, 3) peer recruitment and representation in CBPR, 4) capacity building, and 5) participation and inclusion in CBPR.ConclusionsWe critically discuss implications of the emerging research in this field and provide suggestions for future research and practice. (shrink)

La profesión médica siempre ha estado dispuesta al servicio del hombre, lo cual ha exigido, históricamente, que se establecieran y desarrollaran diferentes juramentos, códigos y leyes sobre el actuar del médico, así como la aplicación de responsabilidades y gratificaciones o castigos derivados de sus actos. Este trabajo pretende definir y analizar la presencia de los principios rectores de la bioética en el juramento hipocrático, la declaración de Ginebra y en la fórmula para hoy del Juramento de Hipócrates del doctor Herranz, (...) así como busca demostrar la importancia de su cumplimiento en la práctica médica contemporánea. Para finalizar se presenta, la que se considera la mejor propuesta de juramento de acuerdo con los principios rectores de la bioética personalista con fundamentación ontológica. (shrink)

Conceptual engineering is the method for assessing and improving our representational devices. On its ‘broad‐spectrum’ version, it is expected to be appropriately applicable to any of our representation‐involving cognitive activities, with major consequences for our whole cognitive life. This paper is about the theoretical foundations of conceptual engineering thus characterised. With a view to ensuring the actionability of conceptual engineering as a broad‐spectrum method, it addresses the issue of how best to construe the subject matter of conceptual engineering and successively (...) defends the theses that conceptual engineering should be: (i) About concepts, (ii) psychologically theorised, (iii) as multiply realised functional kinds. Thereby, I claim to theoretically secure and justify the maximum scope, flexibility, and impact for the method of conceptual engineering on our representational devices in our whole cognitive life—in other words, a broad‐spectrum version of conceptual engineering. (shrink)

Ratio, Volume 34, Issue 4, Page 286-302, December 2021.

Este artículo analiza los desarrollos que Foucault realiza en torno a la analítica de la finitud en su libro Las palabras y las cosas con el fin de dilucidar las diferencias conceptuales con que Freud y Lacan abordan el sujeto del psicoanálisis. Se pretende reconocer la potencia de la crítica foucaulteana al cuadrilátero antropológico y revisar si las teorías de Freud y Lacan se encuentran o no dentro del mismo, buscando pensar la fecundidad de las direcciones contemporáneas del psicoanálisis. Resultados: (...) Foucault dejó en claro que es necesario prescindir del hombre para poder pensar de nuevo la realidad humana. Freud abrió las puertas de tal desaparición, aunque sus cimientos epistemológicos lo dejaron fijado a una antropología biologicista. Lacan retornó lingüísticamente a Freud para rescatar la potencia de su descubrimiento y formalizar un psicoanálisis cuyo sujeto no es el hombre. Orientaciones actuales del psicoanálisis parecen olvidar este último esfuerzo. (shrink)

Bioethics, Volume 36, Issue 5, Page 519-524, June 2022.

The online space has become a digital public square, where individuals interact and share ideas on the most trivial to the most serious of matters, including discussions of controversial ethical issues in science, technology and medicine. In the last decade, new disciplines like computational social science and social data science have created methods to collect and analyse such data that have considerably expanded the scope of social science research. Empirical bioethics can benefit from the integration of such digital methods to (...) investigate novel digital phenomena and trace how bioethical issues take shape online.Here, using concrete examples, we demonstrate how novel methods based on digital approaches in the social sciences can be used effectively in the domain of bioethics. We show that a digital turn in bioethics research aligns with the established aims of empirical bioethics, integrating with normative analysis and expanding the scope of the discipline, thus offering ways to reinforce the capacity of bioethics to tackle the increasing complexity of present-day ethical issues in science and technology. We propose to call this domain of research in bioethicsdigital bioethics. (shrink)

El siguiente artículo expone una parte del aporte del filósofo Baruch Spinoza con respecto al tema del suicidio; pero sobre todo se hace un recorrido por algunas de sus ideas para mostrar la pertinencia de su pensamiento, que se soporta en uno de los tratados más importantes escritos hasta ahora sobre la Ética: La Ética Demostrada Según el Orden Geométrico. En el desarrollo del artículo, se establecen ciertas relaciones y equivalencias de dicha propuesta con el aporte del psicoanálisis planteado por (...) Sigmund Freud. Todo este recorrido y esta relación guardan un objetivo: demostrar su importancia actual para desarrollar un mejor entendimiento de los distintos fenómenos que rodean a los actos suicidas. (shrink)

Retirement is often viewed as a reward for a working life. While many have reason to want a work-free retirement, not everyone does. Should working retirees have to give up their retirement pension and, consequently, their status as retirees? The answer, I argue, boils down to whether we conceive of retirement as free time (need-free) or as leisure (work-free). In this article, I put forward a liberal case in favour of free time, despite whether our liberalism leans towards perfectionism or (...) neutralism, with social primary goods being a case in point. Applying this case for free time to retirement yields two significant policy implications. First, it demands “free synchronic combination” – that retirees may use their retirement pensions however they see fit, including to work. Second, it also yields “free diachronic combination” – that, within limits, individuals have discretionary control over how to combine retirement and work across time – thus challenging the idea that retirement should be available only in old age and not earlier in life. So far, the literature on free time focused only on narrow temporal units, such as hours and days, but there is much to gain by extending the concept into retirement. (shrink)

Libro sumamente valioso. Tras sendas visiones de conjunto, muy logradas, del positivismo en América Latina en general y en Venezuela en particular, siguen capítulos sobre: Adolfo Ernst; Rafael Villavicencio; Vicente Marcano; Lasandro Alvarado; Luis Razetti; Guillermo Delgado Palacios; Luis López Méndez; José Gil Fortoul; Laureano Vallenilla Lanz; César Zumeta y Manuel Arcaya. Tiende a hacer comparaciones con otras manifestaciones del positivismo latinoamericano"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 58.